Module 3 - Integrated Decision

Evaluating and Justifying Operational Decisions

Learning Objectives

Compare response options and state the trade-off of each.
Revise a decision when new information arrives, explaining what changed.
Justify the chosen response, balancing schedule, cross-functional impact, and plant-level outcome.

Keeney RL, Raiffa H and Rajala DW (1979) 'Decisions with Multiple Objectives: Preferences and Value Trade-Offs', IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, 9(7):403–403, doi:10.1109/tsmc.1979.4310245.
Klein GA (2001) 'Sources of Power: How People Make Decisions', Leadership and Management in Engineering, 1(1):21, doi:10.1061/(ASCE)1532-6748(2001)1:1(21).
Lerner JS and Tetlock PE (1999) 'Accounting for the effects of accountability.', Psychological Bulletin, 125(2):255–275, doi:10.1037/0033-2909.125.2.255.
Staw B (1976) 'Knee-deep in the big muddy: a study of escalating commitment to a chosen course of action', Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 16(1):27-44, doi:10.1016/0030-5073(76)90005-2.